On the night of Nov. 3, 1885, a mob composed of hundreds of people marched through Tacoma, expelling members of the Chinese community from their homes, intimidating them (with weapons and threats) into leaving the city permanently, and then burning down the remaining houses — often with all of the victim’s possessions still inside. 

The night of terror, which would spawn an expulsion process dubbed the “Tacoma Method,” included many prominent citizens, and was endorsed by Tacoma’s mayor at the time, Jacob Robert Weisbach. This shameful page in Northwest history is addressed in the recently opened Finding Home: The Chinese American West, one of four exhibitions recently opened at Tacoma Art Museum as part of an expansive, multi-year program reexamining the museum’s prominent Haub Family Collection of Western American Art. 

Tacoma Art Museum

Photo courtesy of Tacoma Art Museum

Imagined by four curators from different areas of the country, [re]Frame: Haub Family Collection of Western American Art provides a platform for artists whose work has long been left out of the Western art canon.

“The Haub Collection tells one side of the story,” says Seattle-based art advisor and curator Lele Barnett, who has worked with the Wing Luke Museum, Meta, Open Arts, Microsoft Art Collection, and Starbucks Art Program. (She is the only curator for the show that is based in the Northwest.) “I’m telling the Chinese-American story with my exhibition (Finding Home: The Chinese American West). In my discussions with the other curators, we talked about wanting to tell stories outside the colonizer narrative. One of my first questions for Faith (Brower, Haub curator of Western American Art at the Tacoma Art Museum) was, ‘Can we have contemporary artists tell these stories?’”

Brower’s answer was an unequivocal “yes.” For those unfamiliar with the Haub Collection, it is a trove of more than 295 pieces of Western American art, donated to TAM in 2012 (along with $20 million for a building expansion to hold the bequeathment) by Erivan and Helga Haub, a German couple who fell in love with the American West after visiting friends near Tacoma during their honeymoon in 1958. 

Spanning multiple decades from the 1790s to today, the works comprising the collection are mired in stereotypical images of Native Americans, cowboys, desert landscapes, frontier living, and mountain men. The nearly 150 artists represented are predominantly white, and their idealized representations of life in a certain part of the country often ignore or erase the historical realities of violence, exploitation, and loss of land experienced by people of color in those areas.

[Re]Frame: Haub Family Collection of Western American Art tries to address these discrepancies. For her part, Barnett reached out to Seattle-based artist Monyee Chau, who created a 65-foot, site-specific mural for the show. Barnett paired it with a large painted scroll by Zhi Lin that puts the viewer in a place to contend with Tacoma’s Chinese expulsion of 1885. Lin, a professor in the painting and drawing program at the University of Washington, has spent years researching the event.

Seattle-based artist Monyee Chau working on their installation ‘Of Salt and Altars.’ The work is part of the ‘Finding Home: The Chinese American West’ exhibition now open at the Tacoma Art Museum.

Left photo by Lele Barnett, right photo by Nancy Mariano

“He has painted depictions of this history over and over again,” Barnett says. “At this point he knows all the names of all the Chinese people pushed out of town. Monyee created a giant mural on one of the walls that tells the story of the journey across the Pacific. They dive deep into history  and are a great storyteller in their work.”

Works from the Haub collection will be displayed in each gallery to provide context for and dialogue with the new pieces. In Barnett’s exhibition, this includes Mian Situ’s 2006 painting, The Entrepreneur-San Francisco — 1890.

Three additional exhibitions — Nikesha Breeze’s Blackness is… the Refusal to be Reduced; Maymanah Farhat’s Nepantla: The Land is The Beloved; and Dr. Patricia Marroquin Norby’s The Abiqueños and The Artist — explore ideas around gender, race, homelands, the body, resilience, identity, and aesthetics. The four curators are giving space to 17 contemporary artists whose work is often excluded in the context of collections like the Haub. “The art of the American West is not static,” Brower says. “There are many artists creating work that will further our understanding and deepen our connections to this iconic region.”

Barnett’s hopes for the exhibition are personal. “A lot of it is about education, and telling these stories that we don’t often hear,” she says. “As a Chinese person growing up in the U.S., I felt lesser because my story wasn’t being told, so to me, it’s important to tell the lost stories of people of color who were so instrumental in building this country. I hope people who come start to think about their own identities and rethink the history they’ve been told in which so many people have been excluded.”

Part of Tacoma Art Museum’s multi-year ‘[re]Frame: Haub Family Collection of Western American Art’ program, ‘Finding Home: The Chinese American West,’ curated by Lele Barnett, looks at the Chinese-American immigration story, with an emphasis on local history. 

Photo by Lele Barnett